Lead mahogany soap lubricant and method of preparing same



5. petroleum hydrocarbon solvents. A further n provide a process forremovin Patented Aug. 16, 1932 UNITED STATES" PATENT o'sslcs uadarca a.anvnson, or muons; minus. assrenoa 'ro s'raxnaan om coirrm (momma), orcmoaoo, rumors, a OOBPORA'IIOR or nmuna MEAD MAHOGANY SOAP LUBRICANT Iomm. Application fled Bay l8,

. This invention relates to an improved method and lubricant for thecommercial preparation of lead mahogany soap in a form suitable for useas a lubricant.

The expression maho y has the same significance in this speci cation asit does in the petroleum industry. It is a eneric name for thepreferentially bil solu le' radicals formed by the treatment of hdrocarbon oil 10 with stron sulfuric acid in t e preparation of whiteoils.

The chest of my invention is to provide an improve process for preparinglead ma- I hogany soaps on a commercial scale, using pbject is toprovide an improved lubricant, combining the desirable qualities of leadmahogany sea and oil in a new combination of these su stances. A furtherobject is to salts and other impurities from lead ma ogany soap and formaking. a: soap which is stable and I from which there will be no searation of lead oxide or other salts. A in er object is to {I provide animproved-sequence of steps and regulation of proportions whereby cleanselparation' of lead mahogany soap from as ts and other im urities canbe efiected without a loss of yiel and without the formation of i so,objectionable emulsions. Other objects will.

be apparent as the detailed description of my. invention roceeds. g Y

When 011s, which have been-treated with stron sulfuric acid, areneutralized with so? 86, dium ydroxi'de,oil soluble sodium mahogany soasare formed. which may be extracted wit naphtha. My inventioncontemplates the conversion of this sodium see ,into a lead soap and theseparation of lea mahogany -40 soap from its reaction.- products. Thefeatures of this process are:

. 1. 'The use of oil as adiluent for reaction products prior to thenaphtha extraction of th led 0a a .3. a S

The red li ction of the water content prior V to the additionof saidhaphtha,

'dium content ,otthe soap). The lead"acemnmnon or rnnr'aame em W 1030.;was are. 1.004.

for preventemulsification. The use of naphtha as a diluent withoutthrowing the lead mahogany soap into the water layer. a 4. The subseqent addition of water for removing impuri ies. 5. The final removal ofsolid and aqueous imauritie's by the addition of naphtha.

as commercial scale it is extremely difficult to separate reactionproducts from lead 'mahogany soap, but I have discovered that bycarefully regulating volumetric proportions in a definite sequence ofsteps I can pre- Sare a lead mahogany soap which is free from eleteriousimpurities and which is combined with oil in a unique manner to formexcellent lubricant for gears or for general use Lwh'erehigh rubbingpressures areapplied to relatively small surfaces. The invention will bemore clearly understood from the detailed description oi a preferredembodiment.-

' The treatmentof troleum oils with coneentrated sulfuric acid toproduce white oils is well known. It forms no object of the. Eeresentinvention and it therefore will not described in, detail. When the acidtreated oil has been neutralized with sodium 11 droxide, a sodiummahogany sea is forme which may be extracted wit alco 01 and purified.

rocess'I may rt with w at is techm y own as Grade A sodium aho 3' soapwhich consists of 70% soa 2095? 3 to 5% water, and 5 to 8% occlu edsalts.

Asolution of lead acetate is 'prepared,the amount being calculated to vean excess. of about 40 to 50% .(calcula from the so dium content of thesoap.) The lead acetate solution, which is dissolved in a volume ofwater slightly less than. the volume 01 soap in a heated vesselby'stirring. The tem- Eerature is maintained sli tly above the oilingoint of water, since he obiect of this step is to remove a large moon ofwater a from the mixture. If water is not removed at this point, thelead maho any soap will form an emulsion therein w en na htha is added,and a separation of the desired end products will be impossible. If toomuch water is evaporated at this point, the mixture will become resinousand insoluble in oil, water or naphtha. It is essential, there fore,that the final water content at this time should be between 15 and Whenthe reaction products have been treated and agitated until its watercontent is only from 15 to 35%, I add, with continued stirring, twovolumes of oil to the mixture (the original volume of sodium mahoganysoap being taken as a unit volume.) The pro erties of the oil have amarked influence on t e remaining steps of the roeess and on the qualityof the finished r not. I refer to use a heavy over-head lu ricatin oihaving a viscosit of 105 to 115 Sa bo t at 210 F. (this oil eincommercial y known as Polarine). have-discovered that the addition ofoil is essential to effect a satisfactory separation and I prefer to usetwo volumes of oil because this quantity gives most satisfactory resultsand at the same time makes it possible to obtain a high lead content inthe finished product.

After oil has been added to the mixture,

it is again heated and agitated until the water content is reduced tofrom 1 to 20%, preferably from 2 to 8%. The mixture is then allowed tocool and about 10 to 15% of naphtha is mixed with it. If the watercontent is too high when the naphtha is added, a difiicult emulsion isformed and subsequent s'eparation. is practically impossible. I havefound that about 11% of naphtha gives excellent results under thecircumstances herein set forth.

After the naphtha has'been added, the mixture is diluted with anamountof water equal to the combined volume ofsoa oil and naphtha. Whenthe water is ad ed at this stag no a rious emulsion is formed andsubstantially all water soluble salts and impurities, suchas leadacetate, lead sulfate, sodium acetate, sodium sulfate, etc. are removedfrom the oil, soap and naphtha mixture. After a thorough agitation, thismixture is allowed to settle, and when a clear line of demarcation apars between the oil and aqueous layers, e upper layer of oii: soa andnaphtha diluent is decanted or sipnpned from the aqueous layer.

a oil, soap and 'na'phtha mixture is further diluted with na htha sothat the total naphtha content .is 1510111; 33% of the mixture. Thislast step removes the occluded salts and water remaining in the oillayer, and renders the solution bright in color. It

I is extremely important that all salts and imurities be removed fromthe soap and the st steps of this process should be repeated if themixture is cloudy at this point. When the upper layer is bri ht, it isremoved and concentrated preferab y by steam distillation. .If the lastnaphtha layer is not bright, the heated soap mixture will form a still,tough, apparently irreversiblejell.

When naphtha is removed from the finished product there remains acomposition comprised of lead mahogany soa and lubricatin g oil. Thismixture is of light red color and may be almost transparent. Itsviscosiiay is from about 200 to 500 Saybolt at 210 and it has a leadcontent of from 3 to 5%.

This composition is an exce tional efl'ective lubricant for rear axles oautomobiles and for other uses where any rubbing friction at extremelyhigh pressure is encountered.

While I have described myinvention in detail, it is understood that I donot limit myself to the specific oils or to temperatures, proportions,etc. except as defined--- by the appended claims the viscosity of thefinished product may be varied by the use of difi'erent diluent oils,and the consistency of the soap may be varied by use of sodium mahoganysoaps from difl'erent sources. A special feature of m invention is thefact that my finished lea soap is free from solid im uritiee or frompotential im urities. (Unsta le substances which may ater break down togive solid impurities. This is articularly important 1n the lu rication0 bearings where solids separating from a lubricant might causecorrosion, and jamming in delicate mechanism. 1 I

I claim:

1. A lubri ant comprising lead mahogany soap substan ially free fromsalts and impunties and a lubricating oil substantially free from saltsand impurities.

2. A lubricant comprising a lubricatin oil and a'lead maho y soapsubstantially iree from salts and mpurities, the lead content of saidlubricant being about 8% 3. The method of preparing a lubricantcomprising lead mahogany soap and 011 substantially free from salts andimpumtms which comprises adding lubricating 011 to a mixture of leadmahogany soap, water and impurities, reducingmthe water in sa d mixhireto an amount low 20%, diluting the mixture with naphtha, and mixingwater with the diluted mixture for separating the salts and impurities.

4. The method of making lead mahogany soap which comprises mixing sodiummahogany soap with lead acetate and water reducing the water content to15 to 35%, adding lubricating oil to said mixture, further reducin thewater content to about 5 0, adding about 10 to 15% naphtha, ad 'ng anamount of water equal in volume to the volume of the mixture, separatingthe oililayer from the aqueous layer, removing e 0e:

l mahogany soap and oil which comprises reducing the percentage of waterto an amount of from 1% to 20% prior to the addition of diluent naphtha,diluting the mixture with naphtha, a ding water to the diluted mixture,and mechanically separating the resulting aqueous phase from the oilhase.

Signcd'this 29th day of Apri 1930, at

Whiting, in-the county of Lake, State of Indiana. 15 MAURICE H. ARVESONGERTlFlCA'lE oF CORRECTION.

' Patent No. 1,371,942. August 16, I932.

MAURICE n. Anveson,

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationol.the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 1,line 86, strike out the syllable and words "diurn content of the soap).The lead ace-" and insert instead sodium mahogany soap, is mixed withsaid; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with thiscorrection therein that the same may conform to the record of the easein the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 22nd day of November, A. D. 1932.

M. J. Moore, Acting Commissioner of Patents.

l mahogany soap and oil which comprises reducing the percentage of waterto an amount of from 1% to 20% prior to the addition of diluent naphtha,diluting the mixture with naphtha, a ding water to the diluted mixture,and mechanically separating the resulting aqueous phase from the oilhase.

Signcd'this 29th day of Apri 1930, at

Whiting, in-the county of Lake, State of Indiana. 15 MAURICE H. ARVESONGERTlFlCA'lE oF CORRECTION.

' Patent No. 1,371,942. August 16, I932.

MAURICE n. Anveson,

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationol.the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 1,line 86, strike out the syllable and words "diurn content of the soap).The lead ace-" and insert instead sodium mahogany soap, is mixed withsaid; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with thiscorrection therein that the same may conform to the record of the easein the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 22nd day of November, A. D. 1932.

M. J. Moore, Acting Commissioner of Patents.

